AVES (BIRDS).
	NB: * denotes breeding (past and present).
	ANATIDAE:
	Sub-family: ANSERINAE.
	Mute Swan.	Cygnus olor (J.F. Gmelin, 1789)
	Single/Family groups overflying most years.
	Two first year birds on Newt Pond (A) 11-12/91.
	Bewick's Swan.	Cygnus columbianus berwickii Yarrell, 1830
	Rare. 13 west 23/10/65 and 23 west 23/12/86.
	Whooper Swan.	Cygnus cygnus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Rare. 23/10/01 four  west.
	Pink-footed Goose.	Anser brachyrhyncus Baillon, 1833
	40 east 19/09/64, 200 west 13/12/65. 300 west 01/02/99. Regularly overflies in
	increasing numbers, ca. 1000 birds west in three skeins 25/12/02.
	White-fronted Goose.	Anser albifrons (Scopoli, 1768)
	Single record. Six east.
	Greylag Goose.	Anser anser (Linnaeus, 1758)
	One 1976 and two 1990. (Feral origin). 15 west  06/96. Annual since mid-1990s.
	Canada Goose.	Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Seen most years overflying. Largest party 30-40 west 05/06/03.
	Brent Goose.	Branta bernicla (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single record. Four east 15/04/64.
	Sub-family: ANATINAE.
	Shelduck.	Tadorna tadorna (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Rare. One, occasionally two overfly. Not seen recently.
	Wigeon.	Anas penelope
	Male on Newt Pond (A) 23/02/06.
	Teal.	Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758
	Rare. One east 1985 and three east 03/05/86.
	Mallard.	Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758
	Overflies and increasing visitor to Newt Pond (A), especially after dark.
	Shoveler.	Anas clypeata
	Male with Mallards on Newt Pond 05 -10/02/06.
	Muscovey Duck.	Cairina moschata Linnaeus, 1758
	Two single records 01/02/67 and 12/08/69.
	PHASIANIDAE:
	Red-legged Partridge.*	Alectoris rufa (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Rare. Former breeding bird. Pair 'summered' 2002 breeding not proven.
	Grey Partridge.*	Perdix perdix (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident and breeding species. No longer present.
	Common Pheasant.*	Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758
	Increasing and regularly breeds. Bred edge Area V 13/08/86 - ca.10 chicks seen.
	Indian Peafowl (Peacock).	Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758
	One dead (remains of Fox's meal) 1985.
	PODICIPEDIDAE:
	Little Grebe.	Tachybaptus ruficollis (Pallas, 1764)
	Rare. Short infrequent winter visits to Newt Pond (A) 1994 and 1996.
	PROCELLARIIDAE:
	Fulmar.	Fulmaris glacialis (Linnaeus, 1761)
	The odd bird overflys, straying from the breeding cliffs at Beeston.
	PHALACROCRACIDAE:
	Cormorant.	Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Occasionally seen overflying. In 2001 one or two frequenting Beeston Priory ponds.
	2002 juvenile at Newt Pond (A).
	ARDEIDAE:
	Grey Heron.	Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
	One, occasionally two almost daily overflying or visiting the Newt Pond (A)
	since it became permanent (1984).
	CICONIIDAE:
	White Stork.	Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758)
	One noted 26/04/98 in from northwest, after circling flew off to north.
	Later established as long term escapee from captivity (Thrigby Hall).
	ACCIPITRIDAE:
	Honey Buzzard.	Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single record. One east 13/07/86.
	Red Kite.	Milvus milvus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Three records of overflying birds 05/03/87, 2000 and 2005.
	Hen Harrier.	Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus, 1766)
	Single record. One male east. (Quartering Area V at first) 14/01/87.
	Sparrowhawk.	Accipter nisus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident and migrant. Increased in recent years to daily occurance.
	Common Buzzard.	Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Overflying birds 1966 and 2002. Spring 2000 up to two present from April to May.
	Rough-legged Buzzard.	Buteo lagopus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
	Single record of two west. One giving fine display of hovering 20/10/73.
	FALCONIDAE:
	Kestrel.	Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758
	Generally seen hunting over the common most months. One observered carrying
	an adder or slow-worm 15/05/00. Pair has bred at Beeston Priory.
	Hobby.	Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758
	Single record. One west 07/06/74 [07-09/73 one at Beeston Priory.]
	RALLIDAE:
	Water Rail.	Rallus aquaticus Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly winter visitor frequenting dense vegetation along streamsides.
	[Corncrake.]	Crex crex (Linnaeus,1758)
	Not a bird of the Commons, however, a male called from an
	adjoining field alongside the southern boundary for 6 weeks from 22/05/66.
	Moorhen.*	Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident and a breeding species since 1984 when Newt Pond (A) made permanent.
	HAEMATOPODIDAE:
	Oystercatcher.	Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus, 1758
	Infrequent passage migrant. Largest party (12) 2/03/65.
	CHARADRIIDAE:
	Sub-family: CHARADRIINAE.
	Golden Plover.	Pluvialis apricaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Passage migrant/winter visitor. Largest party (60) 22/12/63.
	Grey Plover.	Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Passage migrant/Single west 03/09/02.
	Sub-family: VANELLINAE.
	Lapwing.*	Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Passage migrant and former winter visitor. [Bred 1940s].
	SCOLOPACIDAE:
	Sub-family: CALIDRIDINAE.
	Dunlin.	Calidris alpina (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single record of one by Newt Pond (A) 25/05/64.
	Sub-family: GALLINAGININAE.
	Jack Snipe.	Lymnocryptes minimus (Brünnich, 1764)
	Scarce and decreasing winter/spring visitor. Usually single records.
	Common Snipe.*	Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident/breeding species. Breeding not confirmed after mid-1970s.
	Decreasing winter visitor.
	Sub-family: SCOLOPACINAE.
	Woodcock.	Scolopax rusticola Linnaeus, 1758
	General autumn/winter visitor in small numbers but occasionally spring and
	summer records (local breeding birds visit from surrounding heaths).
	Sub-family: TRINGINAE.
	Whimbrel.	Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	One or two annually overflying - late summer/autumn. Largest party, five.
	Curlew.	Numenius arquata (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Scarce passage migrant overflying, mainly autumn.
	Redshank.	Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Often heard overflying on passage in autumn although occasional spring records.
	Greenshank.	Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767)
	Two by Newt Pond (A) 01/05/66. Generally heard overflying during autumn passage.
	Green Sandpiper.	Tringa ochropus Linnaeus, 1758
	Single by outet stream of Newt Pond (A) 21/04/03.
	Common Sandpiper.	Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Scarce spring or autumn migrant, usually as single birds visiting Newt Pond (A).
	Sub-family: ARENARIINAE.
	[Turnstone.]	Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Not observed on SSSI but north of A149 with Starlings/Thrushes 28/01/84.
	LARIDAE:
	Black-headed Gull.	Larus ridibundus Linnaeus, 1766
	Regularly overflying or visiting Newt Pond (A).
	Common Gull.	Larus canus Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly winter or spring visitor.
	Lesser Black-backed Gull.	Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758
	Single record of overflying bird 15/10/67.
	Herring Gull.	Larus argentatus Pontoppian, 1763
	Generally observed overflying during winter months.
	Glaucous Gull.	Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus, 1767
	Immature Ist winter bird. Overflying to rubbish tip south of Commons - Autumn '74.
	Great Black-backed Gull.	Larus marinus Linnaeus, 1758
	Generally observed overflying during winter months.
	STERNIDAE:
	Sandwich Tern.	Sterna sandvicensis Latham, 1787
	Two records, 2001 three overflying northwest and
	2004 two or three heard overflying at night.
	COLUMBIDAE:
	Feral Pigeon.	Columba livia (ferel) J.F Gmelin, 1789
	Generally overflying daily.
	Stock Dove.	Columba oenas Linnaeus, 1758
	Infrequently overflying. Has bred locally but appears to be declining.
	Wood Pigeon.*	Columba palumbus Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident and winter visitor.
	Collared Dove.*	Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky, 1838)
	Established locally and seen overflying daily.
	Turtle Dove.*	Streptopelia turtur (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor and usually 2 or 3 pairs breeding. No breeding 2004.
	PSITTACIDAE:
	Budgerigar.	Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805) var.
	Two records. One green-coloured variety (14/05/64) and a blue variety - 18/10/96.
	Cockatiel	Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792)
	Single record. One heading first west then southwest 30/05/01.
	CUCLIDAE:
	Sub-family: CUCULINAE.
	Cuckoo.*	Cuculus canorus Linnaeus, 1758
	Former regular summer visitor and breeding species. Only four records since 1999.
	Juv. 23/10/65. 2 west 10/05/03.
	TYTOIDAE:
	Barn Owl.	Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769)
	Occasionally seen hunting in spring/early summer. 1995 (01-03). 2001 (03).
	Single secondary wing feather found (16/03/05).
	STRIGIDAE:
	Sub-family: BUBONINAE.
	Little Owl.	Athene noctua (Scopoli, 1769)
	Pair at Beeston Priory 07-08/90, occ. overflying Commons.
	Sub-family: STRIGINAE.
	Tawny Owl.*	Strix aluco (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident. More often heard than seen. Has bred occasionally.
	Short-eared Owl.	Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
	One west 1965, 05/83, 1987 and 10/11/91 hunting over Area V.
	CAPRIMULGIDAE:
	Nightjar.	Caprimulgus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758
	One 'churring' periodically through June 2004 and 2005. Has bred on local heaths.
	APODIDAE:
	Sub-family: APODINAE.
	Swift.	Apus apus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor seen regularly over Commons.
	ALCEDINIDAE:
	Sub-family: ALCEDININAE.
	Kingfisher.	Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Winter, almost annually 1967-75. 04/99 three days Newt Pond (A).
	Single Newt Pond (A) 3/07/02. Single October (2003) to February (2004),
	Single bird present 09 and 12/05.
	MEROPIDAE:
	Bee Eater.	Merops apiaster Linneaus, 1758
	Single record from Norfolk Bird and Mammal Report (NBMR) 31/07/02.
	UPUPIDAE:
	Hoopoe.	Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758
	Two records, 23/10/88 (10 days) and  from 29/04/92 (10 days).
	PICIDAE:
	Sub-family: JYNGINAE.
	Wryneck.	Jynx torquilla Linnaeus, 1758
	Single record of this scarce passage migrant 04/09/65.
	Sub-family: PICINAE.
	Green Woodpecker.	Picus viridis Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly winter/spring visitor.
	Great Spotted Woodpecker.*	Dendrocopos major (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Most months of year. Bred 2005.
	Lesser Spotted Woodpecker.	Dendrocopos minor (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single records. 06/04/64, 16/08/65 and 27/08/84.
	ALUDIDAE:
	Skylark.*	Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758
	Former resident and breeding species. Migrant status now - overflying.
	HIRUNDINIDAE:
	Sand Martin.	Riparia riparia (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor,  usually hawkinging insects over Newt Pond (A) and Area V.
	Swallow.	Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758
	Summer visitor and passage migrant.
	House Martin.	Delichon urbica (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor. Decreased in recent years.
	MOTACILLIDAE:
	Tree Pipit.*	Anthus trivialis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Occasional summer visitor. Breeding suspected, however, not seen since 2000.
	Meadow Pipit.*	Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident/breeding species, now passage migrant status.
	Rock Pipit.	Anthus petrosus (Montagu, 1798)
	Single record 07/03/65.
	Yellow Wagtail.*	Motacilla flava flavissima (Blyth, 1834)
	Former summer visitor. Bred 1967 and 1969.
	Blue-headed Wagtail.	Motacilla flava flava Linnaeus, 1758
	Single male 26/04/64.
	Grey Wagtail.	Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771
	Mainly winter visitor but increasingly noted during summer months.
	[Breeding attempted on Beeston Back Common 2003.]
	Pied Wagtail. *	Motacilla alba yarrellii Gould, 1837
	Resident. Former breeding species. 17-18/05/75 roost containing ca.40 birds.
	White Wagtail.	Motacilla alba alba Linnaeus, 1758
	Passage migrant, observed mainly in spring.
	BOMBYCILLIDAE:
	Sub-family: BOMBYCILLINAE
	Waxwing.	Bombycilla garrulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	1964 (4), 23/10/65 flocks ca.100 in from sea, ca. 300 stayed
	a week, often catching insects like flycatchers. 04/01/68 (2). 2001 (NBMR).
	TROGLODYTIDAE:
	Wren.*	Troglodytes troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident.
	PRUNELLIDAE:
	Dunnock.*	Prunella modularis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident.
	TURDIDAE:
	Robin.*	Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident.
	Nightingale.*	Luscinia megarhynchos C.L. Brehm, 1831
	Infrequent summer visitor. Since 1990 has attempted breeding.
	1991breeding confirmed. Upto three singing males present. No recent records.
	Redstart.	Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Occasional autumn passage migrant.
	Whinchat.*	Saxicola rubetra (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Passage migrant, spring/autumn. 1973, species bred with five young raised.
	Stonechat.	Saxicola torquata (Linnaeus, 1766)
	Single record of male 21/07/64.
	Wheatear.	Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Spring and autumn passage migrant in small numbers.
	Greenland Wheatear.	Oenanthe oenanthe leucorrhoa (Gmelin, 1789)
	Single record 26/04/64.
	Ring Ouzel.	Turdus torquatus Linnaeus,1758
	Former scarce spring/autumn. passage. migrant, m.1965, f. 3/05/73, m.24/04/75.
	Blackbird.*	Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident.
	Fieldfare.	Turdus pilaris Linnaeus, 1758
	Autumn/Winter visitor, generally observed overflying on passage.
	Song Thrush.*	Turdus philomelos C. L. Bremh, 1831
	Formerly common resident, declining since 1991/92. Passage migrant.
	Redwing.	Turdus iliacus Linnaeus, 1766
	Autumn /Winter visitor. One heard in sub-song 9/05/62.
	Mistle Thrush.	Turdus viscivorus Linnaeus
	Resident in local area and frequently overflies. Grey-coloured bird noted 17/03/64.
	SYLVIIDAE:
	Grasshopper Warbler.*	Locustella naevia (Boddaert, 1783)
	Former summer visitor/breeding species. Infrequent 1979 - 99,
	however 'reeling' heard almost annually since.
	Sedge Warbler.*	Acrocephalus schoenobaenus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Infrequent summer visitor/passage migrant and irregular breeding species.
	Reed Warbler.*	Acrocephalus scirpaceus (Hermann, 1804)
	Summer visitor with formally upto two breeding pairs. Recent breeding success 2004.
	Blackcap.*	Sylvia atricapilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Common summer visitor and passage migrant.
	Garden Warbler.*	Sylvia borin Boddaert, 1783
	Summer visitor. 1 or 2 pairs annually.
	Lesser Whitethroat.*	Sylvia curruca (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor and passage migrant. Has bred occasionally.
	Common Whitethroat.*	Sylvia communis Latham, 1787
	Common summer visitor and breeding species.
	Yellow-browed Warbler.	Phylloscopus inornatus (Blyth, 1842)
	Vagrant. Identified by song in late evening. Still present next day 27/09/94.
	Wood Warbler	Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechstein, 1793)
	Single record from Norfolk Bird and Mammal Report 30/04/94.
	Chiffchaff.*	Phylloscopus collybita (Vieillot, 1817)
	Summer visitor. Occasionally wintering.
	Willow Warbler.*	Phylloscopus trochilus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Summer visitor. Probably most abundant of all warblers.
	(Northern) Willow Warbler.	Phylloscopus trochilus acredula Linnaeus, 1758
	Single record of bird showing northern characteristics 07/06/63.
	Goldcrest.*	Regulus regulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Mainly winter visitor but has bred, 1968 and 1971.
	Firecrest.	Regulus ignicapillus (Temminck, 1820)
	Single record 05/05/76.
	MUSCICAPIDAE:
	Spotted Flycatcher.*	Muscicapa striata (Pallas, 1764)
	Former summer visitor now scarce passage migrant, spring/autumn.
	Pied Flycatcher.	Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas, 1764)
	Occasional passage migrant in autumn.  2001 Spring record -  summer plumage.
	TIMALIIDAE:
	Bearded Tit.	Panurus biarmicus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single record of male heading west 23/10/65.
	AEGITHALIDAE:
	Long-tailed Tit.*	Aegithalos caudatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Common resident. Flock of ca. 50 noted Autumn 2005.
	PARIDAE:
	Marsh Tit.*	Parus palustris Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly wooded areas - small numbers. Decreasing.
	Willow Tit.*	Parus montanus Conrad, 1827
	Generally confined to thick blackthorn scrub. 1994 NBMR. No recent records.
	Coal Tit.	Parus ater Linnaeus, 1758
	Irregular visitor.
	Blue Tit.*	Parus caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident.
	Great Tit.*	Parus major Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident.
	SITTIDAE:
	Nuthatch.	Sitta europaea Linnaeus, 1758
	Scarce visitor. Mainly seen in large oaks and southwestern boundary area.
	CERTHIIDAE:
	Tree Creeper.	Certhia familiaris Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly winter/spring visitor to wooded areas.
	LANIIDAE:
	Sub-family: LANIINAE.
	Red-backed Shrike.*	Lanius collurio Linnaeus, 1758
	Former summer visitor. Bred (1 to 2 pairs) annually 1963-77
	except 1974. Present 1978 but did not breed. No records since.
	Lesser Grey Shrike.	Lanius minor J.F. Gmelin, 1788
	Reported in Norfolk Bird and Mammal Report 07/06/68.
	Great Grey Shrike.	Lanius excubitor Linnaeus, 1758
	Recorded winter/spring 15-20/02/70, 1971(NBMR), 1974-75, 18/04/75 male in song,
	02/77, 26/3 & 17/10/94.
	CORVIDAE:
	Jay.	Garrulus glandarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident and winter visitor. Increasing.
	Magpie.*	Pica pica (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Resident. Responsible for much egg stealing. Increasing. 18 on 27/01/04.
	Jackdaw.	Corvus monedula Linnaeus, 1758
	Usually overflies in company of rooks most days.
	Rook.	Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus, 1758
	Overflies most days, singly and/or flocks.
	Carrion Crow.	Corvus corone Linnaeus, 1758
	Mainly overflies but hunts eggs/nestlings in season.
	Hooded Crow.	Corvus cornix Linnaeus, 1758
	Former irregular winter visitor/passage migrant noted overflying. Not seen since 1960s.
	STURNIDAE:
	Starling.	Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident and winter visitor.
	[Rose-coloured Starling.]	Sturnus roseus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Single record just north of SSSI for many weeks (Autumn 1997).
	PASSERIDAE:
	House Sparrow.*	Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident now scarce.
	Tree Sparrow.*	Passer montanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former breeding species and winter visitor. 20 on 27/10/63. Last recorded 1968.
	FRINGILLIDAE:
	Sub-family: FRINGILLINAE.
	Chaffinch.*	Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758
	Former common resident/winter visitor, less so recently.
	Brambling.	Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus, 1758
	Single record 20/09/63.
	Sub-family: CARDUELINAE.
	Greenfinch.	Carduelis chloris (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Winter flocks upto 50 recorded, although not recently.
	Goldfinch.	Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus)
	Former common resident. Autumn parties upto 70 observed, 09/73.
	Siskin.	Carduelis spinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Irregular winter visitor. 4/09/65 ca. 50 present. Occasional singing males in spring.
	Linnet.*	Carduelis cannabina (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident and winter visitor.
	Decreasing although occasional winter roosts upto 30 birds noted.
	Twite.	Carduelis flavirostris (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Six with mixed finch flock, ca. 20 west 5/3/95.
	Lesser Redpoll.*	Carduelis cabaret (P. L. Statius Müller)
	Former common resident and winter visitor now scarce.
	Mealy Redpoll.	Carduelis flammea (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Irregular and rare winter visitor. Not seen since 1970s.
	Crossbill.	Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus, 1758
	Family party (6), west 22/09/90. Second family party (5) west 15/08/02.
	Bullfinch.*	Pyrrhula pyrrhula Linnaeus, 1758
	Resident, although smaller numbers recently. Nine together 25/10/04.
	EMBERIZIDAE:
	Sub-family: EMBERIZINAE.
	[Snow Bunting]	Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Found dead on Common north of A149, 22/09/62.
	Yellowhammer.*	Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758
	Former resident/winter visitor. Has formed roosts in reedbeds. Scarce since 2000.
	Reed Bunting.*	Emberiza schoeniclus (Linnaeus, 1758)
	Former resident/winter visitor.  Upto 3 pairs have bred. Now scarce.
	Male singing in Area II (Back Bog) 18/03/05.